![]() ![]() MiR-133, the third most reported miRNA, is specifically expressed in skeletal muscle, myocardium and cardiac fibroblasts and is involved in myocyte differentiation and cardiac hypertrophy control. ![]() The remaining 40% of HCM patients are sporadic. Up to 60% of HCM patients carry mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. ![]() HCM is an autosomal dominant disease, characterized by high heterogeneity and variable expressivity. More limited hypertrophy (13–14 mm) in different LV sections can be diagnostic in first-degree relatives of a patient with HCM. In adult subjects, HCM is characterized by a wall thickness ≥ 15 mm in one or more LV myocardial segments, measured by different imaging technique types (i.e., echocardiography, computed tomography, or cardiac magnetic resonance). Disarray is a typical structural microscopic characteristic of HCM. Cardiac myocytes are separated by interstitial fibrotic areas and lose their shape and their normal parallel alignment. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a structural cardiac disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and a non-dilated ventricle in absence of other diseases able to determine the degree of hypertrophy. ![]()
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